A Treatise on Painting, by Leonardo da Vinci
1721
Senex and Taylor, London
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Figures, represented in a firm, steady Attitude, must have some variety in their Members, to make a Contrast: that is, if one Arm be advancing forwards, let the other stand still, or be cast backwards; and if the Figure be supported on one Leg, the Shoulder over that Leg must be lower than the other. These are things never overlook'd by Men of Judgment, who are always particularly careful to ballance the Figures standing on their Feet, so, as to prevent them from tumbling Headlong: For in resting on one Leg, a Man has no use of the other; which being a little bent, remains as if dead, and disabled, for any purpose of supporting the Body: So that so much of the Body as is over this Leg, must of necessity transfer the Centre of its Gravity over the Joncture of that other Leg, whereon the Body is sustained.