A Treatise on Painting, by Leonardo da Vinci
1721
Senex and Taylor, London
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Of the Motions of the Soul, some are attended with Actions in the Body, and others are without any. Such as are unaccompanied with any Action of the Body, let fall the Arms, the Hands, and all the Parts which at other Times are the briskest and most active; On the contrary, those Motions of the Soul attended with Actions of the Body, animate the Members, and dispose them into Attitudes, correspondent to the Idea or Intention of the Mind. But this is a Subject which must be considered by it self: There is further, a third kind of Motion, partaking both of the one and the other; and a fourth, perfectly different from them all. These two last Kinds, are those of a Madman and a Buffoon; and must be referred to the Chapter of Grotesque Work.